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质的研究方法是以研究者本人作为研究工具,在自然情境下,采用多种资料收集方法,对研究现象进行深入的整体性探究,从原始资料中形成结论和理论,通过与研究对象互动,对其行为和意义建构获得解释性理解的一种活动。质的研究的基本步骤:(1)确定研究对象,提出研究问题和概念框架;(2)文献综述,反思自我经验和前设;(3)选择研究对象;(4)探讨研究关系;(5)选择研究方法;(6)进入研究现场;(7)收集资料;(8)分析资料,建构理论;(9)质量检测(效度、信度、推广度、伦理问题);(10)书写研究报告。质的研究的特点:(1)自然主义的探究传统:质的研究是在自然情境下,研究者与被研究者直接接触,通过面对面的交往,实地考察被研究
The qualitative research method is based on the researcher himself as a research tool. Under natural circumstances, a variety of data collection methods are used to conduct an in-depth study of the research phenomenon, form conclusions and theories from the original data, interact with the research object, An activity that constructs an understanding of their behavior and meaning. The basic steps of qualitative research: (1) to determine the research object, put forward the research questions and conceptual framework; (2) literature review, self-reflection and preconceived; (3) to select the research object; (4) to explore the research relationship; (5) (6) to enter the research site (7) to collect data (8) to analyze the data to construct the theory (9) quality testing (validity, reliability, promotion, ethical issues) research report. The characteristics of qualitative research: (1) naturalistic inquiry tradition: the qualitative research is in the natural situation, the researcher and the researcher are in direct contact with each other, and the fieldwork is studied through face-to-face interaction