可聚合表活性单体(英文简称,Surfmer)是一种功能性表面活性剂,其特点为分子结构中同时具有亲水和疏水的基团,且含有可聚合的双键。这一结构特点赋予它们独特的物理化学性质———两亲性和可聚合特性。可聚合表活性单体作为新型的聚合单体在工业生产、科学研究等领域有着广泛的应用价值。本文根据可聚合表活性单体离子电荷的不同,综述了六种可聚合表活性单体的合成、性质及应用研究情况,并对可聚合表活性单体的研究趋势和未来前景进行了展望。 Polymerizable Surfactant (Surfmer) is a functional surfactant characterized by both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups in the molecular structure and containing polymerizable double bonds. This structural feature gives them unique physicochemical properties - amphiphilic and polymerisable. As a new type of polymerization monomer, the polymerizable monomer has a wide range of applications in industrial production, scientific research and other fields. In this paper, the synthesis, properties and application of six kinds of polymerizable monomers were reviewed based on the different ion charges of the polymerizable monomers. The research trends and future prospects of the monomers were also discussed.