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目的：探讨ＩｇＡ肾病（ＩｇＡＮ）时肾组织内α－平滑肌肌动蛋白（α－ＳＭＡ）表达的病理学及临床意义。方法：应用Ｓ－Ｐ法对６０例肾活检组织进行α－ＳＭＡ、增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）免疫组化染色，以半定量的方法进行分级，并和肾小球损伤程度、肾小管间质损伤程度、肾功能状态及超微结构改变相对照，进行统计学处理。结果：肾小球内α－ＳＭＡ和ＰＣＮＡ的表达均显著增高，二者密切相关。间质内α－ＳＭＡ和ＰＣＮＡ亦显著增高，均与肾小球损伤程度、肾小管间质损伤程度呈正比。肾小球ＰＣＮＡ亦与肾小球损伤程度呈正比，间质内α－ＳＭＡ的表达与肾功能减退密切相关。结论：系膜区α－ＳＭＡ的表达在一定程度反映了系膜细胞的增殖，并提示细胞处于激活状态。间质细胞α－ＳＭＡ和ＰＣＮＡ表达增强，是判断本病进展和预后不良的重要指标。
Objective: To investigate the pathological and clinical significance of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in renal tissue during IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Methods: The expression of α-SMA and PCNA in 60 cases of renal biopsies was detected by S-P immunohistochemistry. The expression of PCNA was determined by semiquantitative method and was compared with glomerular injury, tubulointerstitial injury Degree, renal function and ultrastructure changes compared to statistical analysis. Results: The expressions of α-SMA and PCNA in glomeruli were significantly increased, which were closely related to each other. Interstitial α-SMA and PCNA also significantly increased, both with glomerular damage, tubulointerstitial damage was proportional to the degree. Glomerular PCNA is also proportional to the degree of glomerular injury, interstitial α-SMA expression and renal dysfunction are closely related. Conclusion: The expression of α-SMA in mesangial area reflects the proliferation of mesangial cells to a certain extent and suggests that the cells are activated. Stromal cell α-SMA and PCNA expression increased, is to determine the progress of the disease and poor prognosis of an important indicator.