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2016年12月8日,国家发展改革委员会对世界知名医疗器械生产商美敦力(上海)管理有限公司限制转售价格处以1.18亿元罚款。这一数字是该公司2015年度涉案产品销售额的4%左右。这是我国在医疗器械领域的反垄断第一案,而之前被查处的国内垄断企业和在华垄断外企中,像这样公然粗暴对抗反垄断调查的,恐怕不多见。那么,纵向价格垄断究竟是什么?它到底妨碍了什么?放到现实中,我们该如何理解?顾名思义,纵向垄断与横向垄断是一组相对概念。横向垄断是指有竞争关系的经营者之间的垄断,纵向垄断是指上下游经营者之间的垄断。用卖包子打比方。很多包子铺卖包子。这时,包子铺联手一起涨价,每个包子的价格增长50%,谁都不准背叛。于是,包子的价格被一下提高了。这就是横向垄断。现在,只有一家卖包子的店铺A,其他的包子铺都要从A家进货。A家跟进货商约定——集体涨价并固定价格。谁不这么做谁就出局,没有包子可卖。这就形成了纵向垄断。这一次,美敦力公司被罚的原因,正是“限制最
On December 8, 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission imposed a fine of RMB 118 million on Restricted Resale Price of Medtronic (Shanghai) Management Co., Ltd., a world-renowned medical device manufacturer. This figure is about 4% of the company’s 2015 product sales. This is the first case of antitrust in the field of medical equipment in our country. However, it is rare to find that the monopolies previously investigated and monopolized by foreign enterprises in China are openly and crudely opposed to antitrust investigations. So, what exactly is the vertical price monopoly? What exactly does it impede? In reality, how do we understand? As the name implies, vertical monopoly and horizontal monopoly are a set of relative concepts. Horizontal monopoly refers to the monopolistic competition between the operators, vertical monopoly refers to the monopoly between upstream and downstream operators. Use the buns as an example. A lot of buns shop selling buns. At this time, buns shop together price increases, the price of each buns increased by 50%, no one is not allowed to betrayal. As a result, buns price is about to improve. This is horizontal monopoly. Now, only a store selling buns A, other buns shop from A home purchase. A home and the supplier agreed - collective price increases and fixed prices. Who does not do that out, no buns can be sold. This forms a vertical monopoly. This time, Medtronic was fined for ”the most restrictive reason."