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采用肝癌发生的动物模型，观察了碳酸锂（Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３）对抗黄曲霉素Ｂ１（ＡＦＢ１）诱发的大鼠肝癌前病变的组织形态学变化及其Ｐ２１、Ｂｃｌ－２蛋白的表达状况。Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠１４４只随机分为Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ４组，分别为阴性、阳性对照及Ｌｉ２ＣＯ同时给药和Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３先期给药组。于实验第６、９、１０ｗｋ分批断头处死动物，取动物的肝脏进行组织形态学检查及免疫组织化学染色。结果发现：Ｃ、Ｄ两组动物健康状况明显改善，肝癌前病变程度明显减轻；Ｐ２１、Ｂｃｌ－２蛋白在诱癌早期（实验第６ｗｋ）即有表达，第９、１０ｗｋ显著提高，呈Ｂ组＞Ｃ组＞Ｄ组＞Ａ组的趋势，与各组肝脏组织形态学变化一致。提示：Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３具有明显地对抗和预防化学诱导肝癌的作用，Ｐ２１、Ｂｃｌ－２蛋白的动态检测有助于肝癌的早期发现及判断预后。
Using an animal model of hepatocarcinogenesis, the histomorphological changes of precancerous lesions and the expression of P21 and Bcl-2 proteins in rats induced by lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) were observed. 144 Wistar rats were randomly divided into A, B, C, and D4 groups, which were negative, positive control and Li2CO co-administration and Li2CO3 pre-administration group. At 6th, 9th, and 10th weeks of experiment, animals were sacrificed in batches and the animals’ livers were taken for histological examination and immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that the health status of C and D groups was significantly improved, and the precancerous lesions of liver cancer were significantly reduced. P21 and Bcl-2 proteins were expressed in the early stage of cancer induction (experiment 6wk), and the 9th and 10wk groups were significantly increased. The trend of >C group>D group>A group was consistent with the histological changes of liver tissues in each group. It is suggested that Li2CO3 can significantly protect against chemotherapy-induced liver cancer. The dynamic detection of P21 and Bcl-2 protein is helpful for the early detection and prognosis of liver cancer.