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目的了解2012年成人慢性病相关行为危险因素在朝阳区不同年龄、不同性别人群中的流行现况,为制定北京市朝阳区慢性病防治的相关政策和干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,对北京市朝阳区2 600名18~79岁的常住居民进行问卷调查。结果本次调查有效问卷2 598人,其中男性1 189人(45.8%),女性1 409人(54.2%);年龄18~79岁,平均(50.85±15.17)岁。调查人群吸烟率21.2%,其中男性43.5%,女性2.5%,男性吸烟率远高于女性(P=0.000),50~59岁年龄组吸烟率(26.1%)最高;饮酒率24.1%,男性(43.0%)远高于女性(8.2%,P=0.000),饮酒人群主要集中在20~69岁年龄段;蔬菜每天摄入率67.8%,男性(64.1%)低于女性(71.0%,P<0.05),调查人群20~29岁年龄组蔬菜每天摄入率(54.7%)低于其他年龄组;水果每天摄入率50.8%,男性(40.6%)低于女性(59.4%,P<0.05),调查人群20~29岁年龄组水果每天摄入率(38.6%)低于其他年龄组;每周参加高、中强度体育锻炼的人数分别占总调查人数的14.3%、50.4%,其中高强度体育锻炼参加率男性(18.2%)高于女性(11.0%,P<0.05),中强度体育锻炼参加率男性(50.0%)和女性(50.8%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论北京市朝阳区成人慢性病相关行为危险因素主要分布在20~29岁年龄段的男性人群中,男性人群是慢性病防控工作的重点对象。
Objective To understand the epidemiological status of adult chronic disease-related behavioral risk factors in different age groups and different gender groups in Chaoyang District in 2012 and to provide scientific basis for formulating policies and intervention strategies for prevention and control of chronic diseases in Chaoyang District of Beijing. Methods A multistage stratified stratified random cluster sampling method was used to survey 2 600 permanent residents aged 18-79 years in Chaoyang District, Beijing. Results There were 2 598 valid questionnaires in this survey, of which 1 189 (45.8%) were male and 1 409 (54.2%) were female; mean age (50.85 ± 15.17) years old were 18-79 years old. The prevalence of smoking was 21.2% in the surveyed population, of which 43.5% were male and 2.5% were female. The prevalence of smoking in males was much higher than that in females (P = 0.000). The prevalence of smoking was highest in males aged 50-59 years (26.1% 43.0%) was far higher than that of women (8.2%, P = 0.000). The drinking crowd mainly concentrated in the age group of 20-69 years. The daily intake rate of vegetables was 67.8%, while that of males (64.1%) was lower than that of females (71.0%, P < 0.05). The daily intake rate of vegetables in the age group of 20-29 years (54.7%) was lower than that of other age groups. The daily intake rate of fruits was 50.8%, while that of males (40.6%) was lower than that of females (59.4%, P <0.05) , The daily intake rate of fruits in the age group of 20-29 years (38.6%) was lower than that of other age groups; the number of people participating in high and middle-intensity physical exercise weekly accounted for 14.3% and 50.4% respectively of the total number of people in the survey, among which the high intensity The participation rate of physical exercise was higher in males than in females (18.0% vs 11.0%, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the participation rate of males (50.0%) and females (50.0%) in moderate physical activity (P> 0.05). Conclusion The risk factors related to adult chronic diseases in Chaoyang District of Beijing are mainly distributed in the male population aged 20-29 years. The male population is the focus of prevention and control of chronic diseases.