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本研究采用琼脂平皿双倍稀释法测定了本院19964~19973月临床分离的耐甲氧西林金葡菌和表葡菌(MRSA和MRSE)对七种常用抗菌药物的敏感性。在所试药物中,氧氟沙星对MRSA和MRSE的体外抗菌活性最好:MIC50(MIC90)为4(64)和4(16)μg/ml;其次是利福平,MIC50(MIC90)为2(256)和4(16)μg/ml。庆大霉素、红霉素、磷霉素和磺胺类对MRSA和MRSE的体外抗菌活性较差,MIC50高于64μg/ml。MRSA和MRSE对红霉素的耐药率最高(8406%和9200%),其次是TMPSMZ(8841%和8400%)、TMP(8400%和8116%),磷霉素(8261%和7600%)。MRSA对氧氟沙星的耐药率(4348%)略高于利福平(2609%),MRSE对氧氟沙星的耐药率(3600%)略低于利福平(5200%)。由上可知,MRSA和MRSE耐药现象严重,同时耐多种抗生素的菌株广泛存在,临床上如遇MRSA和MRSE引起的感染,要避免选用红霉素、TMPSMZ、TMP、磷霉素这几类药物,应依照药敏试验结果选药或选择目前较敏感的糖肽类、氟喹诺酮?
In this study, the agar plate double dilution method was used to determine the susceptibility of seven commonly used antibiotics to S. aureus and S. epidermidis (MRSA and MRSE) clinically isolated from January 1996 to March 1997 in our hospital. Among the tested drugs, ofloxacin had the best antibacterial activity against MRSA and MRSE in vitro: 4 (64) and 4 (16) μg / ml for MIC50 (MIC90), followed by rifampin and MIC50 2 (256) and 4 (16) μg / ml. In vitro antibacterial activity of gentamicin, erythromycin, fosfomycin and sulfonamides to MRSA and MRSE was poor with MIC50 higher than 64μg / ml. MRSA and MRSE were the most resistant to erythromycin (8406% and 9200%), followed by TMPSMZ (8841% and 8400%), TMP (8400% and 81) 16%), fosfomycin (8261% and 7600%). MRSA resistance to ofloxacin (4348%) was slightly higher than that of rifampicin (2609%). MRSA resistance to ofloxacin (3600%) was slightly lower than that of rifampin Flat (5200%). From the above we can see, MRSA and MRSE resistance phenomenon is serious, while resistant to a wide range of antibiotic strains exist clinically in case of MRSA and MRSE caused by infection, to avoid the use of erythromycin, TMP SMZ, TMP, fosfomycin Several types of drugs, drug susceptibility testing should be based on drug selection or choose the more sensitive glycopeptides, fluoroquinolones?