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基尼系数是衡量收入分配均等程度的重要指标。基尼系数越大,则收入分配越不平均;基尼系数越小,则收入分配越接近平均;其数值在0与1之间。市场经济国家一般认为基尼系数在0.3至0.4之间表示收入差距相对合理,0.4以上表示差距偏大。按中国现阶段城乡二元经济的情况来分析,可以先算出两个基尼系数:一个是城市的基尼系数,另一个是农村的基尼系数。然后再用加权平均方法算出一个基尼基数。据测算,我国城市和农村两个基尼系数在0.32-0.35之间,加权平均之后,也大致在这个水平上。
The Gini coefficient is an important indicator of the degree of income distribution. The larger the Gini coefficient, the more uneven the income distribution; the smaller the Gini coefficient, the closer the income distribution to the average; its value between 0 and 1. Market economy countries generally believe that the Gini coefficient between 0.3 to 0.4 means that the income gap is relatively reasonable, 0.4 above indicates that the gap is large. According to the analysis of the dual economy in urban and rural areas at the present stage of China, two Gini coefficients can be calculated first: one is the urban Gini coefficient and the other is the rural Gini coefficient. Then use the weighted average method to calculate a Gini number. It is estimated that China’s urban and rural Gini coefficient between 0.32-0.35 two, after the weighted average, but also generally at this level.