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目的通过对广州市各类公共场所使用中的集中空调通风系统进行卫生检测,了解广州市公共场所集中空调通风系统的卫生情况。方法抽取广州市35间公共场所进行集中空调通风系统卫生监测,检测空调送风中可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、微生物指标和风管内表面积尘量、微生物指标。结果集中空调通风系统均未检出β-溶血性链球菌,空调送风中可吸入颗粒物、细菌总数超标率高达54.6%和37.5%,而送风中真菌总数超标率为7.3%;风管内表面积尘量全部合格,真菌总数超标率只有1.9%,只有细菌总数超标率较高,为7.7%;各类公共场所中医院和图书馆卫生状况较好,商场、宾馆酒店和餐厅较差。结论广州市集中空调通风系统风管内表面卫生状况较好,空调送风可吸入颗粒物浓度较高,且存在微生物污染,而医院集中空调通风系统卫生状况较好可能与其使用了中效过滤器有关。
Objective To understand the health status of central air-conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Guangzhou through the health inspection of central air-conditioning and ventilation systems used in various public places in Guangzhou. Methods A total of 35 public places in Guangzhou were selected for sanitary monitoring of central air-conditioning and ventilation system, PM10, micro-organism indicators, dust accumulation on the inner surface of the air duct and micro-organism indicators. Results The air-conditioning ventilation system did not detect β-hemolytic streptococcus, inhalable particles in the air-conditioning air supply, the total exceeded the rate of bacteria as high as 54.6% and 37.5%, while the total number of fungi in the air exceeded the rate of 7.3%; duct internal surface area The amount of dust was all qualified, the total number of fungi exceeded the rate of only 1.9%, only the total number of bacteria exceeded the high rate of 7.7%; various public hospitals and libraries in good health, shopping malls, hotels and restaurants less. Conclusion The surface condition of air duct of central air-conditioning and ventilation system in Guangzhou is better. The concentration of inhalable particles in air-conditioners is higher and there is microbial contamination. However, the hygienic condition of central air-conditioning and ventilation system in hospital may be related to its use of medium efficiency filter.