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近年来,不少地区农民种田只重视施化肥,不注意施用有机肥。作物秸秆除高粱、玉米等作架材和饲草外,大部分麦秸之类的秸秆均得不到合理地利用。有的作柴烧,有的被弃置在村头、道边,有的在田间白白烧掉。此外,人畜粪便和一些土杂肥也缺乏管理,乱推乱放。而大面积农田却只施入少量有机肥,有的甚至几年不施有机肥,单纯施用化肥。据乐亭县五个乡十五个村的调查,八十年代的化肥用量比七十年代增加80—100％,而粗肥用量却下降50％以上。增施化肥能增产,是因化肥养分含最高、肥效快。但化肥养分单纯,肥效短暂,不能保持稳产,且破坏土壤的养分平衡,长期单纯施用化肥,使土壤中氮磷钾比例失调,微量元素减少。据化验分析,目前我县土壤缺磷面积占70％以上,缺钾面积占60％以上。同时有机质含量减少,土壤板结,地力下降,土地后劲不足。有机肥含有多种有效养分,肥效特
In recent years, farmer farming in many areas only emphasizes fertilizers and does not pay attention to the use of organic fertilizers. In addition to straw as sorghum, corn and other straw and forage grass, most of straw and other straw are not properly used. Some for firewood, and some were abandoned in the village head, Road edge, and some burned in the field. In addition, livestock and poultry manure and some Tuza also lack of management, chaos and indiscriminate release. The large area of farmland is only applied to a small amount of organic fertilizer, some even without organic fertilizer for several years, simply the application of fertilizer. According to a survey conducted by 15 villages in five townships of Laoting County, the amount of fertilizer used in the 1980s increased by 80-100% compared with that in the 1970s, while the amount of crude fertilizer dropped by more than 50%. Fertilizer can increase production, because of the highest nutrient-containing fertilizer, fertilizer fast. However, the fertilizer has a simple nutrient and short-term fertilizer effect, can not maintain stable production, and destroys the nutrient balance of the soil. The application of chemical fertilizers for a long period of time causes the imbalance of N, P and K in the soil and the decrease of trace elements. According to laboratory analysis, at present, the county phosphorus soil area accounted for more than 70%, potassium area accounted for more than 60%. At the same time reduce the organic matter content, soil compaction, decreased fertility, lack of land stamina. Organic fertilizer contains a variety of effective nutrients, fertilizer special