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1.前言首次提出海洋锰结核是一种有价矿物资源的J.L.梅罗(J.L.Mero),在他的1965年的著作《The Mineral Resources of the Sea,1965》中曾提到富钴元素的锰结壳。作者也听说海底有存在热液矿床的可能性。但由于资源储量的大小及采矿技术方面的原因,只重视了结核状矿物,并全力以赴专门开发锰结核。尽管在富钴锰结壳或热液矿床的开发中,大部分可以套用锰结核采矿技术和开发的经验,而且需要解决的新的难题,在20年后的今天,仍然是那些,梅罗
1. Introduction For the first time, JLMero, whose marine manganese nodule is a valuable mineral resource, was mentioned for the first time in his 1965 book, The Mineral Resources of the Sea, 1965, Crusts. The authors also heard of the possibility of hydrothermal deposits on the seabed. However, due to the size of the resource reserves and the mining technology, only the nodular minerals have been valued and all efforts are devoted to the development of manganese nodules. Although most of the development of cobalt-rich manganese crusts or hydrothermal deposits can apply the experience of manganese-based mining technology and development and new challenges to be solved are still those 20 years later,