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目的探讨不同果汁饮料对离体乳牙釉质形态学的改变及对乳牙釉质脱矿程度的影响。方法 60颗无龋坏离体乳牙,分三组浸泡于3种不同的果汁饮料中(橙汁组、苹果汁组、葡萄汁组),每组20颗;另取10颗无龋坏离体乳牙浸泡于矿泉水中作为对照组,四组均置于36.5℃恒温箱中,浸泡25 h,每5小时换1次浸泡液。采用p H计测量不同果汁饮料的p H值;扫描电镜(SEM)观察各组离体乳牙处理前后牙釉质表面超微结构的改变;并应用化学分析法测量各组处理乳牙后饮料中的钙、磷溶出含量。结果橙汁组、苹果汁组和葡萄汁组经处理后乳牙表面均有不同程度的改变,牙齿表面均有色素沉着,颜色发生一定的改变,且随着浸泡时间的延长,牙齿变色加重。其中橙汁组变为橙黄色,苹果汁组变为浅绿色,葡萄汁组变为深紫色。对照组乳牙牙釉质表面结构光滑,结构致密,未见凹陷缺损。橙汁组处理后,牙齿表层釉柱不均匀断裂,局部区域断裂消失,牙齿表面有零星的小凹陷;苹果汁组处理后,牙釉质呈蜂窝状结构,釉中心遭到严重破坏,表面有比较深的小凹陷,甚至加大连接成片;葡萄汁组处理后,表面形态不规则,组织结构疏松,可见软质悬浮。对照组、橙汁组、苹果汁组、葡萄汁组初始p H值分别为(6.32±0.09)、(3.75±1.01)、(2.94±1.05)、(4.01±1.02)。对照组、葡萄汁组、橙汁组、苹果汁组的p H值依次降低(P<0.05)。果汁饮料处理乳牙25 h后,橙汁组、苹果汁组、葡萄汁组的钙总溶出量(12.73±1.44)、(15.65±1.47)、(6.73±1.45)mmol/L,磷总溶出量(10.41±1.43)、(13.19±1.45)、(7.15±1.39)mmol/L较对照组的钙总溶出量(3.63±1.37)、磷总溶出量(5.46±1.39)mmol/L均显著升高(P<0.01),且苹果汁组的钙、磷溶出量最高。结论橙汁、苹果汁、葡萄汁饮料均会对乳牙釉质酸蚀脱矿,对牙釉质表面造成一定程度的损害,以苹果汁的损害作用最为明显。
Objective To investigate the effects of different fruit juice drinks on the changes of enamel morphology and the degree of enamel demineralization in deciduous teeth. Methods Sixty caries-free deciduous deciduous teeth were dipped into three different juice drinks (orange juice group, apple juice group and grape juice group) in groups of 20 with 20 caries-free deciduous deciduous teeth Soaked in mineral water as a control group, the four groups were placed in a 36.5 ℃ incubator, soaked 25 h, every 5 hours for a soaking solution. The p H values of different fruit drinks were measured by p H meter. The changes of ultrastructure of enamel before and after deciduous teeth treatment were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The contents of calcium , Phosphorus dissolved content. Results The surface of the deciduous teeth of the orange juice group, the apple juice group and the grape juice group all changed in varying degrees. The pigmentation on the tooth surface was changed, the color changed a certain amount, and the discoloration of the teeth was aggravated with the prolongation of soaking time. The orange juice group changed to orange, the apple juice group became light green, and the grape juice group turned purple. The control group of primary teeth enamel surface structure is smooth, compact structure, no depression defect. After treatment with orange juice group, the enamel surface of the tooth was inhomogeneously fractured and the local area disappeared. There were scattered small depressions in the tooth surface. After the apple juice group was treated, the enamel was in a honeycomb structure, the center of the enamel was severely damaged, and the surface was deeper Of the small depression, and even increase the connection into pieces; grape juice group after treatment, the surface irregular shape, loose organizational structure, showing soft suspension. The initial p H values of control group, orange juice group, apple juice group and grape juice group were (6.32 ± 0.09), (3.75 ± 1.01), (2.94 ± 1.05) and (4.01 ± 1.02), respectively. The p H values of control group, grape juice group, orange juice group and apple juice group decreased in turn (P <0.05). After 25 h of decoction, the total dissolved calcium (12.73 ± 1.44), (15.65 ± 1.47), (6.73 ± 1.45) mmol / L, total dissolved phosphorus (10.41 ± 1.43, 13.19 ± 1.45 and 7.15 ± 1.39 mmol / L, respectively, compared with the control group (3.63 ± 1.37) and total phosphorus release (5.46 ± 1.39 mmol / L, P <0.01), and the apple juice group had the highest calcium and phosphorus release. Conclusions Orange juice, apple juice and grape juice drink will both demineralize the enamel of the deciduous teeth and cause some damage to the enamel surface. The damage of apple juice is the most obvious.