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两年度分别对49个小麦亲本材料和24个材料进行遗传距离测定和分类,以及对选择的23个杂种 F_1进行杂种优势测定。结果表明:两年的遗传距离数值上关,分类结果相似,显示了遗传距离 D~2于不同年间保持相对稳定;杂种优势和两年的遗传距离的相关系数分别为0.5839和0.6646,均达到极显著水平。因此,遗传距离可以作为预测小麦杂种优势的指标。对遗传距离采用两种方法进行分析,结果表明直接用基因型值相关矩阵代替传统的即通过遗传方差(?)g 和协方差(?)g 估计求得的遗传相关矩阵来进行主分量分析,可以克服遗传相关矩阵有时不正定所产生的问题,使得杂种优势和遗传距离的相关系数由0.4822提高到0.6646。用基因型值相关矩阵代替遗传相关矩阵不仅计算方法简单,而且分析的结果也较可靠。
The genetic distance of 49 wheat parents and 24 materials were determined and classified respectively in the two years, and the heterosis of 23 F1 hybrids was determined. The results showed that the genetic distance between two years was similar and the classification results were similar, indicating that the genetic distance D ~ 2 remained relatively stable in different years. The correlation coefficients between heterosis and two years’ genetic distance were 0.5839 and 0.6646 respectively, Significant level. Therefore, genetic distance can be used as an index to predict wheat heterosis. Two methods were used to analyze the genetic distance. The results showed that principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out by using the gene correlation matrix instead of the traditional genetic correlation matrix obtained from genetic variance (?) G and covariance (?) G estimates, Can overcome the problem that the genetic correlation matrix is sometimes not positive, which makes the correlation coefficient of heterosis and genetic distance increased from 0.4822 to 0.6646. Replacing the genetic correlation matrix with the correlation matrix of genotypes is not only simple in calculation method, but also the result of analysis is more reliable.