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目的通过了解舰艇员的作业能力需求及原因,为提高和维护舰艇员作业能力提供科学依据。方法用自制的《舰艇员作业能力需求问卷》对840名舰艇员的作业能力需求、缺乏情况、锻炼情况以及缺乏锻炼的原因进行调查及分析。结果针对各人岗位需要,840名舰艇员认为最需要的作业能力前5位依次为操作的稳定性(72.6%)、操作的速度(72.5%)、注意力(72.5%)、耐力(72.1%)、记忆力(70.7%);目前缺乏的作业能力前5位依次为爆发力(19.6%)、腰部力量(18.5%)、记忆力(16.9%)、手举力(16.5%)、耐力(16.2%);主要的锻炼方式为慢跑(86.8%)、俯卧撑(68.7%)、仰卧起坐(53.9%)、引体向上(42.3%)、器械锻炼(31.4%);缺乏锻炼的主要原因为场地原因(33.2%)、单位没组织(29.3%)、个人没兴趣(22.6%)、没时间(21.7%)、没锻炼器材(21.7%)。结论应针对性加强舰艇员相应的作业能力锻炼,改善锻炼条件。
Objective To understand the navigators’ operational capability needs and causes, and provide a scientific basis for enhancing and maintaining the navigators operational capability. Methods The self-made Questionnaire on the Ability of Naval Shipmen to investigate and analyze the operational requirements of the 840 crew members, lack of conditions, exercise conditions and the lack of exercise were investigated. Results According to the needs of each post, the top 5 operational skills that 840 navigators considered most needed were the stability of operations (72.6%), operation speed (72.5%), attention (72.5%), endurance (72.1% ), And memory (70.7%). The top five abilities currently lacking were explosive (19.6%), lumbar strength (18.5%), memory (16.9%), hand lifting (16.5%), endurance (86.8%), push-ups (68.7%), sit-ups (53.9%), pull-ups (42.3%) and instrumental exercises (31.4%). The main reason for the lack of exercise was the venues 33.2%), no organization (29.3%), no interest (22.6%), no time (21.7%) and no exercise equipment (21.7%). Conclusions should be targeted to strengthen the crew corresponding ability to exercise, improve training conditions.