论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨高温、热辐射作业对职业人群健康状况的可能影响因素,为有效评估和控制钢铁行业高温作业环境提供科学依据。方法选取唐山市某钢铁企业高温、热辐射作业工人(1 450人)和本厂不接触高温、热辐射作业的对照人群(961人),采用面对面询问方法填写调查表,收集年龄、工龄、职业史、吸烟、饮酒等基本信息,同时进行静息状态下血压检测和心电图检查,另外抽血检验血糖、血脂。结果高温接触组中共检出异常者814人(异常检出率为56.1%),非高温接触组检出异常者443人(异常检出率为46.1%),二组差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.347,P<0.01);高温接触组总异常检出率女性高于男性,均随年龄、工龄的增加而升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高温接触组血压、血糖、血脂异常检出率均高于非高温接触组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高温接触组血压、血糖、血脂异常检出率均是男性高于女性,随年龄、工龄及体重指数的增加而升高(P<0.01)。结论高温、热辐射作业可能是引起钢铁行业职工高血压、高血糖、肝脏疾病的危险因素,加强高温防护、健康监测是保障钢铁工人健康、预防职业病的重要措施。
Objective To explore the possible influencing factors on the occupational health status of high-temperature and thermal radiation workers and provide a scientific basis for effectively evaluating and controlling the high-temperature operating environment in the steel industry. Methods A total of 1 450 workers (1 450) working in high temperature and thermal radiation of an iron and steel enterprise in Tangshan city and 961 control people (961 persons) who did not contact with high temperature and thermal radiation were selected. The questionnaire was filled in by face to face inquiry to collect the age, seniority and occupation History, smoking, drinking and other basic information, at the same time resting state blood pressure test and ECG examination, another blood test blood sugar, blood lipids. Results There were 814 abnormalities (56.1%) in high temperature exposure group, 443 abnormalities in non-high temperature exposure group (abnormality detection rate was 46.1%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 23.347, P <0.01). The prevalence of total abnormality in high-temperature exposure group was higher than that in male, with increasing age and seniority, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01) The detection rate of dyslipidemia was higher than that of non-high-temperature exposure group (P <0.01). The detection rate of blood pressure, blood glucose and dyslipidemia in high-temperature exposure group were higher than those in female, with the age, length of service and body mass index Increased (P <0.01). Conclusion High temperature and thermal radiation may be the risk factors of high blood pressure, high blood sugar and liver disease in workers in the steel industry. Strengthening high temperature protection and health monitoring are important measures to protect the health of steel workers and prevent occupational diseases.