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目的分析15名血源性职业暴露危险因素,探讨防范对策,降低职业暴露风险。方法应用《职业暴露个案登记表》资料,统计本站2010年1月1日~2013年12月30日发生的15名职业暴露者的职业类别、暴露地点、部位、方式、暴露分级、暴露源、紧急处理、暴露后对工作人员的血清免疫学检测情况等进行统计分析。结果职业暴露发生率最高职业是护理人员占66.7%;暴露类型主要是锐器伤占60%;发生职业暴露后93%的职业暴露者按正确的方式进行紧急处理,7%的暴露者不能正确执行紧急处理流程,上报疾病预防控制机构后医生建议干预用药,该暴露者权衡利弊后,拒绝预防用药。追踪结果显示:我站员工暴露后血清免疫学检测结果均为阴性,未出现感染病例。结论通过增强防范意识、缓解工作压力、保护易感人群、改善工作场所操作环境、规范工作流程、正确处理意外暴露可以减少职业暴露危险,降低职业暴露风险。
Objective To analyze the risk factors of 15 occupational hazards of blood-borne occupational diseases and to explore countermeasures to reduce the occupational exposure risk. Methods The data of occupational exposure cases registration form were used to calculate occupational categories, exposure sites, locations, methods, exposure classification, exposure sources of 15 occupational exposures occurred from January 1, 2010 to December 30, 2013 , Emergency treatment, after the exposure of the staff of the serum immunological detection and other statistical analysis. Results Occupational exposure was the highest occupational occupations accounted for 66.7% of nurses; the type of exposure was mainly sharp injury accounted for 60%; occupational exposure 93% of occupational exposures in the right way for emergency treatment, 7% of the exposed people can not be correct The implementation of the emergency treatment process, reported to the CDC doctors recommend intervention medication, the pros and cons of weighing the pros and cons, refused to prevent medication. The follow-up results showed that the results of serum immunological tests of employees exposed by our station were negative and no cases of infection occurred. Conclusion Correctly handling accidental exposure can reduce the occupational exposure risk and reduce the occupational exposure risk through enhancing awareness of prevention, relieving pressure on work, protecting vulnerable groups, improving workplace operating environment and standardizing workflow.