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“三农问题”的长期存在以及日益激化,提出了农民发展权的现实要求。普惠制金融理论的提出、运用,又与农民权益保障的现实需求相融合,共同酝酿“农民金融发展权”的产生。农民金融发展权是指农民对整个社会生活中金融发展状况和结果所应享有的权利。它既是对农民发展权这一理论概念的具体和深化,更是“全面发展农村”国家大政方针的核心要求和现实需要。国家是实现农民金融发展权的首要的义务和责任主体,而国家实现农民金融发展权的义务和责任内容主要体现在:对农民金融发展权的实现提供制度支持和央行保障农民金融发展权的具体实现两方面。寻求发展权入宪、构建农民保障法、完善金融制度、加强金融监管等法律保障机制的构建则是促进农民金融发展权实现的根本法律出路。
The long-term existence of the “Three Rural Issues” and its intensification have put forward the realistic requirements of the peasants’ right to development. The introduction and application of the theory of GSP finance have merged with the practical needs of peasants ’rights and interests and jointly formed the emergence of “peasants’ right to financial development.” Peasant financial development rights refer to peasants’ rights to the status and results of financial development in the entire social life. It is not only the concrete and deepening of the theoretical concept of the right to development of peasants, but also the core requirement and the realistic need of the policy of “comprehensive development of rural areas” of the country. The state is the primary obligation and responsibility body to realize the peasants ’right to financial development. The obligations and responsibilities of the state to realize the peasants’ right to financial development are mainly reflected in the following aspects: providing institutional support to the realization of peasants ’right to financial development and the central bank’s guarantee of peasants’ financial development right Realize two aspects. Seeking the right to development into the Constitution, building a farmer’s safeguard law, improving the financial system, and strengthening financial supervision and other legal safeguard mechanisms are the fundamental legal solutions to promote the realization of the peasants’ right to financial development.