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本文建立了汽油发动机油在用油极性组分的分析方法,即硅胶-离子交换色谱法。对QE10W/30高温高速行车试验在用油进行了分离分析,将极性组分分成酸性组分、碱性组分和中性组分;用非水电位滴定、红外光谱、元素分析等手段对各组分进行分析鉴定,并结合场解吸质谱研究了行车试验在用油氧化产物的生成、积累和部分添加剂的降解;用低分辩、高电压质谱测定了中性组分的芳香烃烃类组成;用红外光谱峰面积比值法考察了抗氧剂ZDDP的降解规律;用凝胶渗透色谱法对酸性组分作了进一步分析鉴定。综合上述分析结果,考察了在用油随行车里程的增加氧化衰败的规律,并得到在使用过程中含氧化合物迅速增加的拐点。
In this paper, a method for the analysis of polar components of gasoline engine oil is established, that is, silica gel-ion exchange chromatography. On the QE10W / 30 high temperature and high speed driving test, the oil was separated and analyzed, and the polar component was divided into acidic component, basic component and neutral component. By means of non-aqueous potentiometric titration, infrared spectrum and elemental analysis The components were analyzed and identified, and combined with field desorption mass spectrometry to study the formation and accumulation of oxidation products of oil in the driving test and the degradation of some additives. The aromatic hydrocarbon compositions of neutral components were determined by low resolution and high voltage mass spectrometry ; The ratio of peak area of infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the degradation of antioxidant ZDDP; the gel permeation chromatography was used to further analyze and identify the acidic components. Based on the above analysis results, the law of increased decay of oxidation in the mileage of the used car was investigated, and the inflection point of the oxygenate rapidly increasing during use was obtained.