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通过文献研究和调查访谈法,编制了具有较高信度和效度的《幼儿教师专业自觉问卷》,并对江西省南昌市的160名幼儿教师进行问卷调查。采用探索性因素分析方法,结果表明:幼儿教师专业自觉的结构包括专业自觉认知、专业自觉情感、专业自觉动机、专业自觉行为四个维度;幼儿教师专业自觉的特点为:专业自觉整体水平不高,处于中等水平。从高到低排序,依次是专业自觉认知,专业自觉情感,专业自觉动机、专业自觉行为。而且,幼儿教师专业自觉的行与知、情、动机不统一;在影响幼儿教师专业自觉的个体变量中,职称、学历、教龄、幼儿园性质对幼儿教师专业自觉有显著性影响。在外在变量中,幼儿教师发展机会、幼儿教师的身份认同、职业压力以及园长的专业引领也均对幼儿教师的专业自觉有着显著性影响;在13个自变量中,幼儿教师的发展机会、身份认同、职称对其专业自觉有着显著的预测作用,同时,它们也是影响幼儿教师专业自觉的最主要因素。
Through literature research and survey interview method, “Kindergarten Teachers’ Professional Consciousness Questionnaire” with high reliability and validity was compiled and a questionnaire survey was conducted on 160 kindergarten teachers in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. The exploratory factor analysis method showed that the structure of kindergarten teacher’s professional self-consciousness includes the four dimensions of professional self-awareness, professional self-conscious emotion, professional self-motivation and professional self-conscious behavior. The characteristics of kindergarten teachers’ professional self-consciousness are as follows: High, at a medium level. Sort from highest to lowest, followed by professional conscious cognition, professional conscious feelings, professional conscious motivation, professional conscious behavior. In addition, the kindergarten teachers’ self-conscious behavior and knowledge, emotion and motivation are not uniform. Among the individual variables that affect kindergarten teachers’ professional self-consciousness, the professional titles of teachers, educational background, teaching age and kindergarten have a significant impact on kindergarten teachers’ professional self-awareness. Among the external variables, the development opportunities for kindergarten teachers, the preschool teachers identity, the occupational pressure and the professional leadership of the kindergarten teachers also all have a significant impact on kindergarten teachers ’professional self-consciousness. Among the 13 independent variables, kindergarten teachers’ development opportunities, Identity, title of their professional consciousness has a significant predictive effect, at the same time, they are also the impact of kindergarten teachers, the most important factor in professional self-awareness.