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前言利用因应力引起磁性变化这种磁应变效应来测定残余应力,早已由安积等人研究过,但迄今尚未达到广泛应用阶段。对于磁性变化,由于检测的着眼点不同,出现过种种测量方法的方案。吉永等着眼于阻抗的变化,研制成应力测定仪。也有着眼于巴克豪森效应来进行应力测定试验的例子。笔者着眼于磁各向异性研制出测定应力的磁性探头。磁性法测定残余应力尚存在灵敏度随材料不同而异,对于二维应力不能直接求出主应力,以及对曲率大的面测量困难等问题。但它具有仪器小巧且测量面无需预处理,故能在任何地方使用等特点。
Preface The use of magnetic strain caused by stress-induced magnetic strain to measure residual stress has been studied by Ami et al., But so far it has not yet reached a wide range of applications. For magnetic changes, due to the detection of different points, there have been various measurement methods. Jirong waiting for changes in impedance, developed into a stress analyzer. There are also examples of stress-testing experiments that focus on the Barkhausen effect. The author focuses on the magnetic anisotropy to develop a magnetic probe for measuring stress. The remaining sensitivity of the magnetic method for measuring residual stress varies with different materials, the main stress can not be obtained directly for the two-dimensional stress, and the measurement of the large curvature is difficult. But it has the characteristics of a compact instrument and measurement surface without pretreatment, so it can be used anywhere.