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陕北地区地下水关系复杂,且与地表水交换十分频繁,给区域水资源评价与利用提出了严峻的挑战。通过估算陕北风沙区高家堡水文站和黄土区高石崖、曹坪水文站的基流量过程,分析了各站基流序列与对应区域的面降水序列的演化趋势及变异驱动关系;研究了其多时间尺度变化特征。结果表明:1风沙区地下水对径流补给量远大于黄土区;2不同地区的河川基流量均显著减少,主要受人类活动驱动;3各站基流量的周期及丰枯变化与其面降水量序列的周期变化在中小尺度上响应较为密切;4风沙区降水—径流关系较黄土区更为不稳定,原因在于其受到地下水蓄滞和侧向补给的影响更显著。在变化环境下的影响,风沙区水循环过程将更趋复杂多变,因此水资源评价中必须考虑地下水的影响。
The groundwater in northern Shaanxi is complex and exchanges frequently with surface water, posing a severe challenge to regional water resources evaluation and utilization. Based on the estimation of the base flow of Gaojiabao hydrological station and the Caoping Hydrometric Station in the sandy area of north Shaanxi, the evolution trend and variation-driven relationship of surface precipitation sequence at each station and corresponding area are analyzed. Its multi-time scale changes characteristics. The results show that: (1) groundwater recharge in the sandstorm area is much larger than that in the loess area; (2) base flow in the river basins is significantly reduced in different regions and is mainly driven by human activities; (3) The cyclical variation is more closely related to the small and middle scales. 4 The relationship between precipitation and runoff in windy and sandy areas is more unstable than that in the loess area. The reason is that it is more significantly affected by groundwater storage and lateral recharge. Under the impact of changing environment, the process of water cycle in the wind-blown sand area will become more complex and changeable. Therefore, the impact of groundwater must be considered in the evaluation of water resources.