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【目的】测定木瓜(Chaenomeles sinensis)抗烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)的活性,并对其中的有效成分进行研究,为发现新的植物源抗病毒物质提供依据。【方法】以心叶烟(Nicotiana glutinosa)和普通烟(N.tabacum)为材料,结合活性追踪法,对木瓜中抗TMV成分进行分离和结构鉴定,并采用半叶枯斑法和室内盆栽试验对粗提物及单体化合物抗TMV的活性进行测定。【结果】木瓜乙醇提取物对TMV表现出较强的钝化作用(10 mg干样/mL的抑制率达97.76%),对TMV系统侵染具有预防作用(10 mg干样/mL的防效为49.98%);乙醇浸膏的乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水萃取物对TMV具较强的体外钝化活性,其抑制率分别为89.02%、82.84%和84.74%;从木瓜乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取相中分离得到邻苯二甲酸二戊酯(WZ-31,Dipentyl phthalate)、β-香树素(WZ-32,β-Amyrin)、(8E)-十六烯酸(L3,8E-hexadecenoic acid)和(8E)-十九烯酸(L4,8E-nonadecenoic acid)共4个化合物;β-香树素、(8E)-十六烯酸和(8E)-十九烯酸在浓度为1.0 mg·mL-1时对TMV表现出较好的体外钝化活性,其抑制率分别为27.51%、33.33%和41.08%,相当于或显著高于1.0 mg·mL-120%盐酸吗啉胍·乙铜可湿性粉剂(MCA)。【结论】木瓜提取物具有较好的抗TMV活性,具备进一步开发和应用的潜力,β-香树素、(8E)-十六烯酸和(8E)-十九烯酸是其抗TMV有效成分。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to determine the activity of Chaenomeles sinensis against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and to study the active constituents of Chaenomeles sinensis in order to provide a basis for the discovery of new plant-derived antiviral substances. 【Method】 The anti-TMV constituents in Papaya were isolated and identified by using the active tracing method with Nicotiana glutinosa and N. tabacum. The semi-leaf spot test and pot experiment Crude extracts and monomeric compounds were tested for their activity against TMV. 【Result】 The results showed that ethanol extract of papaya had a strong passivation effect on TMV (97.76% inhibition rate of 10 mg dry sample / mL), which could prevent TMV infection (10 mg dry sample / mL) Was 49.98%). The ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water extracts of ethanol extract had strong in vitro passivation activity against TMV with the inhibitory rates of 89.02%, 82.84% and 84.74%, respectively. (WZ-31, Dipentyl phthalate), β-amygdalin (WZ-32, β-Amyrin), (8E) -hexadecenoate (L3, 8E-hexadecenoic acid and 8E-nonadecenoic acid; 4 compounds of β-amygdalin, (8E) -hexadecenoic acid and (8E) -undecenoic acid TMV showed good in vitro passivation activity at the concentration of 1.0 mg · mL-1 with the inhibitory rates of 27.51%, 33.33% and 41.08%, respectively, equivalent to or significantly higher than those of 1.0 mg · mL-120% hydrochloric acid Morpholin guanidine copper wettable powder (MCA). 【Conclusion】 Papaya extract has good anti-TMV activity and possesses the potential for further development and application. Β-Amixin, (8E) -hexadecanoic acid and (8E) -decenoic acid are effective against TMV ingredient.