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目的了解大连市流动人口聚集地区儿童免疫规划5种疫苗[卡介苗(Bacillus Cal mette Guerin,BCG)、乙型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB)、口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(Oral Poliomyelitis Attenuated Live Vaccine,OPV)、百日咳-白喉-破伤风联合疫苗(Diphtheria,Tetanus,Pertussis Combined Vaccine;DTP)、麻疹减毒活疫苗(Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine,MV)]预防接种现状。方法2007年11月,采用有限总体抽样法,对2005年1月1日~2006年12月31日出生、居住≥3个月的177名儿童,进行了免疫规划5种疫苗的接种率调查。结果建证率100.00%,建卡率96.61%。12月龄内儿童BCG、OPV、DTP、MV、HepB接种率分别为98.87%、97.18%、98.31%、99.44%、96.61%,HepB首针及时接种率为93.79%,MV复种和DTP加强免疫接种率分别为86.21%和94.83%;但流动儿童的5种疫苗全程免疫覆盖率(88.04%)显著低于本地儿童(97.65%)。结论在流动人口聚集地区,除做好本地儿童常规免疫接种外,还要关注流动儿童免疫规划疫苗的预防接种。
Objective To investigate the effects of five kinds of vaccines for childhood immunization in areas with floating population in Dalian [Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), Hepatitis B Vaccine (HepB), Oral Poliomyelitis Attenuated Live Vaccine, OPV, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis Combined Vaccine (DTP), Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine (MV)]. Methods In November 2007, a total population sampling method was used to investigate the immunization coverage of five vaccines for 177 children born within 1 month and lived for more than 3 months from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2006. Results Jianshu rate of 100.00%, card rate of 96.61%. The inoculation rates of BCG, OPV, DTP, MV and HepB in children aged 12 months were 98.87%, 97.18%, 98.31%, 99.44% and 96.61% respectively. The timely vaccination rate of HepB was 93.79% The rates of immunization coverage of five kinds of vaccines were 88.2% and 94.83% respectively. However, the immunization coverage of five vaccines for migrant children was significantly lower than that of local children (88.04%) (97.65%). Conclusion In the floating population areas, in addition to routine immunization of local children, attention should be paid to the vaccination of mobile immunization vaccine for migrant children.