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目的探讨孕期和哺乳期大鼠亚砷酸钠暴露后,对第一子代雌性大鼠海马神经生长因子(NGF)和神经生长相关蛋白-43(GAP-43)mRNA表达的影响。方法 12只雌鼠于受孕后第6d开始以自由饮水方式分别暴露于0、10、50、100mg/L NaAsO2水溶液,连续染毒直到仔鼠出生后第21d,取子代雌性大鼠脑海马组织进行HE、尼氏体染色观察海马CA1、CA3、DG区神经元的形态及数目改变;应用RT-PCR检测各组仔鼠海马NGF、GAP-43mRNA的表达。结果 HE结果显示对照组仔鼠CA1、CA3区海马神经元细胞结构正常,各染砷组仔鼠可见海马神经元边缘欠清晰,胞体皱缩,有核固缩等凋亡征象。尼氏体染色:对照组海马神经元胞浆富含尼氏体,随着染毒剂量的增加,尼氏体减少,其中以CA1区损伤最为明显。RT-PCR结果显示,各剂量组仔鼠NGF、GAP-43mRNA表达降低,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各砷暴露组之间NGF、GAP-43mRNA的表达随砷剂量增高而下降(P均<0.05)。结论大鼠孕期和哺乳期砷暴露,可以损伤第一子代雌性大鼠海马神经元细胞,抑制海马区NGF、GAP-43mRNA的表达,从而损害学习记忆能力。
Objective To investigate the effects of arsenite during pregnancy and lactation on the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and nerve growth-related protein-43 (GAP-43) mRNA in the hippocampus of the first offspring. Methods Twelve female rats were exposed to 0, 10, 50, and 100 mg / L NaAsO2 aqueous solution on the 6th day after conception. The rats were exposed to 0, 10, 50 and 100 mg / The morphology and number of neurons in CA1, CA3 and DG of hippocampus were observed by HE and Nissl staining. The expression of NGF and GAP-43 mRNA in hippocampus were detected by RT-PCR. Results The results of HE showed that the hippocampal neurons in CA1 and CA3 of control group had normal structure, and the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in the arsenic group was noticed clearly. Nissl staining: control group hippocampal neuron cytoplasm is rich in Nissl body, with the dose increased, Nissl body decreased, of which the most obvious damage to the CA1 area. The results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of NGF and GAP-43 mRNA in each dose group decreased compared with the control group (P <0.01). The expression of NGF and GAP-43 mRNA in each arsenic exposure group decreased with the increase of arsenic dose (all P <0.05). Conclusion Arsenic exposure during pregnancy and lactation can damage the hippocampal neurons of the first-generation female rats and inhibit the expression of NGF and GAP-43 mRNA in the hippocampus, which may impair learning and memory ability.