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晚清立宪运动的失败与辛亥革命的发生关系密切,而民初共和国实践的不理想致使有人对立宪失败不乏惋惜。其实,立宪之路行不通具有必然性,当时清统治者的权力欲望与立宪派的民主诉求形成了尖锐的矛盾;而经济、军事等改革与政治改革并行也难以协调;并且,立宪派十分弱小,没有形成坚强的领导核心,面对清政府的顽固不化,难逃被作弄的悲剧命运。这也与其理论上的不成熟关系密切,他们认为保留皇帝有助于国家稳定,共和革命可能招致外来干涉,以及中国民智低下,无实行共和的资格等认识不乏偏颇。总之,应该理性地对待晚清的政体转型,并对辛亥革命持一种积极向上的乐观态度,充分肯定它带给中国的积极影响。
The failure of the Constitutional Movement in late Qing Dynasty was closely related to the occurrence of the Revolution of 1911, but the unsatisfactory practice in the Republic of China led some to regret the constitutional failure. Actually, the road to constitutional constitution does not work without certainty. At that time, the power desire of the Qing rulers formed a sharp contradiction with the democratic appeal of the constitutionalists. However, it was difficult to reconcile the reform of the economic, military, and political reforms. In addition, the constitutionalists were very weak, Without forming a strong leadership core, in the face of the Qing government’s intransigence, it is impossible to escape the tragedy destined to be fooled. This is also closely related to its theoretical immaturity. They think there is a lot of bias in reserving the emperor as a contribution to the stability of the country and possible interference by the republican revolution in foreign interference, as well as in the fact that China has a low level of public opinion and a non-republican qualification. In a word, we should rationally deal with the political transformation in the late Qing Dynasty and hold a positive and optimistic attitude towards the 1911 Revolution, fully affirming the positive impact it has brought to China.