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目的 分析口腔颌面部结节性筋膜炎的临床病理特点。方法 对3例结节性筋膜炎性HE及免疫组化SP法染色和组织学观察。结果 3例结节性筋膜炎皆为病史短，生长快，中年女性多见，发病部位为颊、舌、磨牙后区；肿物呈结节性，无包膜，直径在3cm以内，质偏硬；组织学特点为纤维母细胞增生活跃，核分裂象易见，“S”形结构，组织裂隙，外渗红细胞，粘液背景；Vim(+),SMA(+),Des(-)。结论 结节性筋膜炎的本质是纤维母细胞和肌纤维母细胞增生，其组织学构型有诊断价值，需注意与肉瘤的鉴别诊断。“,”Objective To study the clinicopatholgical characteristics of thenodular fasciitis in the oral maxillofacial region. Methods Histopathologic observations and immunohistochemistry were done in the three cases. Results The three cases were all females,with a short history and rapid growth speed.The sites of the lesion were cheek,tongue and retromolar area.The lesion was nodular,not encapsulated,hard in consistency, within 3cm in the diameter.Histologically,the fibroblasts proliferated actively,with some mitoses.It showed “S” shape,clefts,extravasated red blood cells and myxoid background .It was positive for Vim and SMA,negative for DES in immunohistochemistry. Conclusion The reality of the nodular fasciitis is the proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts.The histopathology pattern is valuable for the diagnosis.It is very important to make a differential diagnosis between this lesion diagnosis.It is very important to make a differential diagnosis between this lesion and sarcomas.