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均相催化剂的负载化是解决催化剂分离与回收的一条有效途径,也是绿色化学研究的重要内容。可溶性高分子,尤其是树状大分子作为另一类催化剂载体近年来受到了越来越多的关注。通过选择合适的反应介质,可溶性高分子负载催化剂可以在均相条件下催化有机反应,反应结束后通过外加不良溶剂的固/液相分离、温度等调控的液/液相分离以及膜过滤等方法进行催化剂的分离与回收。本文概述了在可溶性高分子负载催化剂研究中取得的新进展,重点介绍了负载手性催化剂在不对称催化反应中的应用。
Homogeneous catalyst loading is to solve the catalyst separation and recovery of an effective way, but also an important part of green chemistry. In recent years, soluble polymers, especially dendrimers, have received more and more attention as another type of catalyst carrier. By selecting a suitable reaction medium, the soluble polymer-supported catalyst can catalyze the organic reaction under homogeneous conditions, the solid / liquid phase separation after addition of the poor solvent, the liquid / liquid phase separation under the temperature control, and the membrane filtration after the reaction is completed Catalyst separation and recovery. This article summarizes recent advances in the study of soluble polymer supported catalysts, and highlights the application of supported chiral catalysts in asymmetric catalytic reactions.