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随着全球气候变化与低碳经济发展的趋势不可避免,开发清洁能源、减少碳排放正成为国际社会各国的新目标。在发电领域的节能减排工作中,我国面临的最大挑战是改变以煤炭为主的火力发电结构。作为最大的碳排放国家,我国政府承诺到2020年,把碳排放强度(在2005年的基础上)降低45%。文章主要用生命周期法分析清洁能源发电的CO2排放强度(g/Kwh),并在此基础上结合中国的能源发电结构评估清洁能源的碳减排潜力。结果表明我国要完成上述任务还是很艰巨的,这需要我国对低碳能源发电大力投入,其中水电、核电和新能源发电(风电、光伏和生物质能)分别要以每年6%、20%和50%年均增长。为此,我国应当充分利用金融资本的杠杆力量和碳金融创新大力支持发展低碳产业。
With the trend of global climate change and low-carbon economy developing inevitable, developing clean energy and reducing carbon emissions are becoming the new goals of all countries in the world. In the field of energy-saving emission reduction efforts, the biggest challenge facing our country is to change the coal-based thermal power generation structure. As the largest carbon-emitting country, my government promises to reduce its carbon intensity by 45% by 2020 (based on 2005). The article mainly analyzes the CO2 emission intensity (g / Kwh) of clean energy power generation by life cycle method and uses it to evaluate the carbon emission reduction potential of clean energy based on China’s energy power generation structure. The results show that it is still very arduous for our country to accomplish the above task, which requires that our country devote great efforts to the low-carbon energy power generation. The hydropower, nuclear power and new energy power generation (wind power, photovoltaic and biomass energy) should be respectively 6%, 20% 50% average annual growth. To this end, China should make full use of the leverage of financial capital and carbon finance innovation to support the development of low-carbon industries.