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目的了解泰州市呼吸道感染疾病的流行动态,探索其流行规律,为科学防控提供依据。方法每周统计监测点流感样病例(ILI)和门诊急性上呼吸道感染病例(AURI),采用描述性方法分析病例资料;使用荧光定量PCR方法对120份流感样病例标本检测13种常见病原体。结果 2013年泰州市流感哨点医院共报告门诊流感样病例(ILI)7 326例,门诊急性上呼吸道感染(AURI)病例30 649例,分别占门诊相应科室病例总数的5.6%和23.4%。120份流感样病例(ILI)标本检出阳性率57.5%,以肺炎链球菌检出率最高。夏季肺炎链球菌和鼻病毒占优势,冬季肺炎链球菌占优势,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄组病原检出构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肺炎链球菌、鼻病毒、腺病毒和甲型流感病毒是泰州市流感样病例的主要病原体,随着季节、月份、人群年龄的不同具有一定的流行规律。
Objective To understand the epidemiology of respiratory tract infections in Taizhou and to explore the prevailing laws to provide the basis for scientific prevention and control. Methods Influenza-like cases (ILI) and acute upper respiratory tract infection (AURI) were monitored weekly. Descriptive methods were used to analyze case data. Thirteen common pathogens were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR in 120 influenza-like cases. Results A total of 7 326 outpatient flu-like illness cases (ILI) and 30 649 acute outbreaking (AURI) cases of outpatients were reported at Taichung sentinel hospital in 2013, accounting for 5.6% and 23.4% of the total number of outpatient cases respectively. In 120 influenza-like cases (ILI) specimens, the positive rate was 57.5%, and the highest detection rate of S. pneumoniae was found. In summer, Streptococcus pneumoniae and rhinovirus predominated, and Streptococcus pneumoniae in winter dominated. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The detection rates of pathogens in different age groups were significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion Streptococcus pneumoniae, rhinovirus, adenovirus and influenza A virus are the major pathogens of influenza-like cases in Taizhou City. They have certain epidemic patterns with different season, month and population age.