研究了10个蒙脱石样品在蒸馏水中水化性能——自由膨润量的差异。样品来自不同产地或不同矿层,具有不同的类质同象置换。研究前对样品进行了提纯和钠化处理。实验结果表明,蒙脱石膨润性与其类质同象置换情况有密切的关系,膨润量与由蒙脱石结构成分计算得到的品格常数6有明显的相关性。讨论了膨润量差异的原因。 The differences in the hydration-free swellings of 10 montmorillonite samples in distilled water were investigated. Samples from different origins or different layers, with different types of isomorphism. The samples were purified and sodium-treated prior to the study. The experimental results show that the swellability of montmorillonite is closely related to its isomerism, and the swollen amount has obvious correlation with the lattice constant 6 calculated from the composition of montmorillonite. The reasons for the difference in swelling amount are discussed.