近年来,随着社会救助制度的逐步建立和完善,城乡特困群众的基本生活得到有效保障。但是,孤儿救助工作一直没有一个科学有效的机制。孤儿群体作为一个特殊的群体,处于生存、发展的困难境地,是最困难、最需要关爱的社会群体。据统计,全国孤儿总数为57.3万人,有20.2万名孤儿没有得到经常性的制度救助,占35.2%。胡锦涛总书记指出:“孤儿是社会上最弱小、最困难的群体,他们最需要呵护、最需要关爱。各级党委 In recent years, with the gradual establishment and improvement of the social assistance system, the basic living conditions of the urban and rural destitute people are effectively protected. However, there has been no scientific and effective mechanism for orphan assistance. As a special group, orphans groups are in the difficult position of survival and development and are the most difficult and most in need of caring social groups. According to statistics, the total number of orphans nationwide is 573,000, with 202,000 orphans receiving no regular institutional assistance, accounting for 35.2% of the total. General Secretary Hu Jintao pointed out: ”Orphans are the weakest and most difficult group in the society. They need the most care and they need the most care.