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开放腔体结构以开口端撞击水面引起腔体内部气体介质流动,并与壳体下沉运动相互耦合,形成独特的运动特征和流场特性.基于均质平衡流理论,针对具有正浮力特性的开放腔体圆柱壳模型低速垂直入水运动进行了三维数值模拟,得到入水过程中的运动轨迹、轴向压差阻力波动特性及入水空泡发展规律,结果表明:开放腔体具有较好的缓冲作用;腔体内气体运动分为冲击振荡和压缩振动先后两个截然不同的运动过程;气体振动具有高频率、低幅值、快衰减特点,对壳体下沉运动具有扰动作用,同时导致开口端以同频率吸入-排出液体,形成复杂的流场环境,使空泡壁面发生波动,并过早脱落溃灭。
The structure of the open cavity is such that the open end collides with the water surface to cause the flow of the gas medium in the cavity and is coupled with the sinking motion of the shell to form the unique motion characteristics and the flow field characteristics.Based on the theory of homogeneous balance flow, The three-dimensional numerical simulation of the low-velocity vertical inflow motion of the open-cavity cylindrical shell model was carried out, and the trajectories of the water entering into the water, the fluctuating characteristics of the axial differential pressure resistance and the cavitation bubble development were obtained. The results show that the open cavity has good cushioning effect ; The gas movement in the cavity is divided into two distinct movements: impact oscillation and compression vibration. The vibration of the gas has the characteristics of high frequency, low amplitude and fast attenuation, which has a perturbation effect on the casing sinking motion, The same frequency inhalation - discharge liquid, the formation of a complex flow field environment, the bubble wall fluctuations occur, and premature fall collapse.