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对于低信噪比地震资料,现行的叠前偏移方法应用效果欠佳的一个重要原因就是,目前的各种速度分析方法在信噪比太低时都不能建立准确的速度模型.共散射点(CSP)道集聚集了所有可能的散射能量,具有更高的覆盖次数和更大的偏移距范围.因此,对于低信噪比资料,基于CSP道集的速度分析具有一定的优越性.本文首先简单介绍了CSP道集的形成过程和基于CSP道集的速度分析方法的基本原理,提出了一种从CMP道集到CSP道集的快速映射方法,并用一个加权系数消除了映射噪音,最后用模型和实际资料验证了基于CSP道集的速度分析与建模方法的可行性和实用性.
For low S / N seismic data, an important reason why the current prestack migration method is ineffective is that the current velocity analysis methods can not establish an accurate velocity model when the S / N ratio is too low. (CSP) gathers gather all the possible scattering energies, with higher coverage and greater offset range.Therefore, the speed analysis based on CSP gathers has some advantages for low SNR data. In this paper, the basic principle of CSP gather and the speed analysis method based on CSP gather are briefly introduced. A fast mapping method from CMP gather to CSP gather is proposed. By using a weighting coefficient, the mapping noise is eliminated, Finally, the feasibility and practicability of velocity analysis and modeling method based on CSP gathers are verified by the model and actual data.