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轨道车辆用空心车轴是以空心、轴向距离超长为特点的大型轴类件。确定各楔偏转角是实现使用楔横轧多楔同步轧制大型空心车轴工艺的关键。建立了楔横轧多楔同步轧制空心车轴的偏转角数学模型,给出了多楔同步轧制空心轴各楔偏转角的一般计算公式,提出了名义展宽角和实际展宽角的概念,建立了两者之间的关系。以轧制火车RD2空心车轴长轴段为例进行了有限元模拟验证,轧件质量较好。结果表明,外楔的实际展宽量比理论展宽量小,空心件偏转角并不能利用实心件偏转角计算公式进行简单体积代换得到。为选取多楔同步轧制成形空心车轴各楔的偏转角提供了一种方法,并可以作为多楔模具设计的参考依据。
Hollow axle for rail vehicles is a large shaft with hollow and long axial distance. Determine the wedge deflection angle is to achieve the use of wedge cross-rolling multi-wedge synchronous rolling of large hollow axles process key. The mathematical model of the deflection angle of the wedge-rolled multi-wedge synchronous-rolling hollow axle was established. The general formulas for calculating the deflection angles of the wedge-shaped hollow shafts were given. The concepts of nominal spreading angle and actual spreading angle were put forward. The relationship between the two. Taking the long axis section of the hollow axle of RD2 rolling mill as an example, the finite element simulation is carried out, the quality of the rolled piece is better. The results show that the actual width of the outer wedge is smaller than the theoretical broadening, and the deflection angle of the hollow part can not be obtained by simple volume substitution using the calculation formula of the deflection angle of the solid part. It provides a method for selecting the deflection angle of each wedge of multi-wedge synchronous rolling hollow shaft and can serve as a reference for multi-wedge die design.