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激光填丝焊是一种具有广泛应用领域的焊接工艺。针对现有旁送丝填焊工艺存在的不足,提出了光束中空、正向同轴送丝创新方案。利用所研制的光内同轴送丝焊接装置进行了焊接试验。结果表明,同轴送丝焊接具有光丝耦合姿态固定、热源对称、能量分布合理等突出优势。焊缝表面光滑平整,截面形状对称。焊缝质量各向同性,适用于一维和多维焊接。对变动激光功率、扫描速度和送丝速度进行了工艺试验,获得了一组优化的工艺参数。焊缝的扫描电镜(SEM)分析和拉伸试验表明,激光光内同轴送丝所获得的焊道组织致密、均匀,无气孔、夹渣等缺陷,是理想的激热激冷组织;焊缝与基材结合牢固,结合区无明显缺陷。
Laser wire welding is a welding process with a wide range of applications. Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing bypass wire filing welding process, an innovative scheme of beam hollow and positive coaxial wire feeding is proposed. Using the developed optical coaxial wire welding device for welding test. The results show that coaxial wire welding has the prominent advantages of light-fiber coupling attitude fixation, heat source symmetry and reasonable energy distribution. Weld surface smooth, cross-sectional shape symmetry. Weld quality isotropic, suitable for one-dimensional and multi-dimensional welding. The experiment of varying laser power, scanning speed and wire feeding speed was carried out, and a set of optimized process parameters was obtained. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and tensile test of the weld show that the microstructure of weld bead obtained by coaxial wire feeding in laser light is compact, uniform, without pores and slag inclusion, which is the ideal heat-shocking and quenching structure. Seams and substrate with a solid combination of no obvious defect area.