红壤、黄棕壤是我国亚热带的主要土壤,是我国农业开发治理的主要对象。土壤中粘粒层状硅酸盐矿物和粘粒氧化物的类型、含量及其表面化学特性,不仅是成土过程的反映,而且对土壤理化物性、养分和肥力状况起着决定性影响。14A过渡矿物是20世纪50年代发现的一类矿物,我国在70年代末期才初见报道。我国亚热带地区的土壤中普遍含有14A矿物,它们究竟是蛭石、绿泥石还是14A过渡矿物,在80年代中期以前的报道中,大多未加区分,常统称为蛭石(在山地土壤中多称之为绿泥石)。本研究在国家自然科学基金资助(编号:3850303)下,运用X射线衍射、化学选择溶提技术与土壤表面特性分析相结合,对中南地区不同纬度、不同海拔和不同母质发育的205个土壤样品研究,它们的粘性矿物组成及其分布规律,并着重研究了 Red soil and yellow brown soil are the main soils of subtropical China and are the main targets of agricultural development and management in our country. The types, contents and surface chemical properties of clay minerals and clay oxides in soils are not only a reflection of the process of soil formation, but also play a decisive role in soil physical and chemical properties, nutrients and soil fertility. 14A transitional minerals are a type of minerals found in the 1950s, and only been reported in China in the late 1970s. The soils in the subtropical regions of China generally contain 14A minerals. Whether they are vermiculite, chlorite or 14A transitional mineral is mostly not reported in the reports before the mid-1980s and is often referred to as vermiculite (more in mountainous soils Called Chlorite). In this study, a total of 205 soil samples with different latitudes, altitudes and different parent materials in central and southern China were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, chemical selective stripping techniques and soil surface properties under the grant of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 3850303) Research, their viscous mineral composition and its distribution, and focus on the study