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儿童正处于生长发育时期,对疾病防御能力较差,病程发展快,变化多端易产生严重的并发症,故及时、正确诊断儿童慢性中耳炎乳突炎是十分重要的。 1.要详细全面采集病史这一点在儿童更具有特殊性,病史常常来自患儿家长、亲属和幼儿园阿姨。尤其要注意隐蔽性乳突炎的发生,不能因为耳溢脓停止就放松了警惕,要加强随访观察。 2.耳部检查外耳情况往往可以为疾病诊断提供可靠的依据,尤其耳周、乳突、耳道的变化,均应详细检查。耳窥镜检查应注意鼓膜穿孔形状、位置、有无肥厚粘膜脱出。有否胆脂瘤形成及骨疡。上鼓室和鼓窦
Children are in the period of growth and development, poor defense of the disease, rapid course of development, changeable and prone to serious complications, it is timely and correct diagnosis of chronic otitis media in children with mastoiditis is very important. 1. To collect a comprehensive and detailed history of children in this point is more particular in children, the history often comes from children with parents, relatives and kindergarten aunt. In particular, pay attention to the occurrence of cryptogenic mastoiditis, can not stop because of ear discharge to relax vigilance, to strengthen follow-up observation. 2. Ear examination Ear conditions can often provide a reliable basis for the diagnosis of disease, especially the ear, mastoid, ear canal changes, should be examined in detail. Ear microscopic examination should pay attention to the tympanic membrane perforation shape, location, with or without hypertrophy mucosal prolapse. Is there cholesteatoma and bone ulcer? Upper drum and sinus