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目的研究吉林省2009年麻疹病毒分离株的血凝素(Hemagglutinin,H)蛋白基因特征。方法 从吉林省2009年流行的麻疹野病毒中选取4株,用逆转录-聚合酶链反应扩增H蛋白全基因片段,对扩增阳性产物进行核苷酸序列测定,并利用Mega4.0和Bioedit软件进行基因亲缘关系、同源性以及糖基化位点变异分析。结果吉林省2009年4株麻疹病毒分离株均属于H1基因型H1a基因亚型,并在基因树H1a基因亚型分支中处于相对独立的小分支。2009年4株麻疹病毒分离株之间的核苷酸具有较高的同源性,为99.7%～99.8%;而且,无论与H1a基因亚型代表株China(中国)93-4相比,还是与疫苗株S(Shanghai,上海)191相比,2009年麻疹病毒分离株核苷酸同源性均延续了历年的逐年递减趋势。吉林省2009年4株麻疹病毒分离株的H蛋白均保留了4个糖基化位点,第5个糖基化位点在氨基酸第240位由丝氨酸(Serine,S)突变成天冬酰胺(Asparagine,N),导致一个潜在糖基化位点NL(亮氨酸Leucine,L)S238-240的缺失。结论吉林省2009年的麻疹病毒分离株H蛋白基因的核苷酸变异,与历年相比呈增加趋势。吉林省2009年麻疹病毒分离株第240位糖基化位点的丢失,与中国目前监测到的情况一致。
Objective To study the gene characteristics of hemagglutinin (H) gene in 2009 isolates of measles virus in Jilin Province. Methods Four strains of wild measles virus were selected from Jilin Province in 2009, and the whole H gene fragment was amplified by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The nucleotide sequence of the amplified product was determined by Mega4.0 and Bioedit software for genetic relationship, homology and glycosylation site variation analysis. Results All the four isolates of measles virus in Jilin Province in 2009 belonged to the H1 subtype of H1 genotype and were relatively independent small branches in the H1a gene subtype of gene tree. The nucleotide sequences of the four isolates of measles virus in 2009 were highly homologous, ranging from 99.7% to 99.8%. Moreover, compared with the H1N1 subunit China (China) 93-4, Compared with the vaccine strain S (Shanghai, Shanghai) 191, the nucleotide homology of the 2009 isolates of measles virus has been decreasing year by year. There were 4 glycosylation sites in H protein of 4 isolates of measles virus in Jilin province in 2009, and the 5 glycosylation site was mutated from Serine (S) to Asparagine , N) resulting in the deletion of a potential glycosylation site NL (leucine, L) S238-240. Conclusion The nucleotide variation of H protein gene of measles virus isolates in Jilin Province in 2009 showed an increasing trend compared with that of previous years. The loss of the glycosylation site at position 240 of the measles virus isolate in Jilin Province in 2009 is in line with the current situation in China.