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橡胶坝是随着高分子合成材料工业的发展,而出现的一种新型水工结构物。 1957年,世界上第一座橡胶坝问世于美国加利福尼亚州的洛杉矶河上,坝高1.5米,坝长6.1米。尽管橡胶坝迄今仅有30年的历史,但是世界上已有很多国家和地区采用了这种新型建筑物。在美国、西德、意大利、荷兰、法国、苏联、捷克、瑞士、日本、巴基斯坦,我国的台湾和香港等地都修建了橡胶坝,并做过一些科学试验和理论研究。日本是橡胶坝发展速度较快的国家,自1965年至1979年的十几年内就修建六百多座,并制定了“橡胶坝的技术准则”。橡胶坝工程绝大部分用于低水头的闸坝工程,坝高为1—7米,坝长多为10—150米。目前世界上最大的橡胶坝,建在意大利的水城威尼斯,最大坝高15米,坝全长900余米。橡胶坝在水利工程中主要用在
Rubber dam is a new type of hydraulic structure that appears along with the development of the polymer synthetic material industry. In 1957, the world’s first rubber dam came out on the Los Angeles River in California, USA, with a height of 1.5 meters and a length of 6.1 meters. Although rubber dam has only 30 years history, so many countries in the world have adopted this new type of building. Rubber dams have been constructed in the United States, West Germany, the Netherlands, France, the Soviet Union, the Czech Republic, Switzerland, Japan, Pakistan, Taiwan and Hong Kong, and have done some scientific experiments and theoretical studies. Japan is a country where rubber dam development is relatively fast. Over 600 buildings have been built in the past ten years from 1965 to 1979 and Japan has formulated the “Technical Guidelines for Rubber Dam”. The vast majority of rubber dam projects for low head sluice dam project, dam height of 1-7 meters, mostly dam length of 10-150 meters. Currently the world’s largest rubber dam, built in Venice, Italy, the city, the largest dam 15 meters high, a total length of 900 meters dam. Rubber dam is mainly used in water conservancy projects