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目的:了解阿勒泰地区碘缺乏病防治效果及居民碘营养状况,评价各项措施的落实情况和防治效果,为今后碘缺乏病防治措施提供科学依据。方法:全地区7个项目县(市)按东、西、南、北、中5个方位随机抽取5～9个乡镇,在每个乡镇随机抽取4个行政村,在每个行政村随机抽检8～15户居民食用盐,进行盐碘检测(盐碘采用直接滴定法测定);在抽取的5个乡镇随机抽取1所小学,在抽中学校的所在村按东、南、西、北、中各抽取1份饮用水水样,如为集中式供水地区,则采集2份末梢水样进行水碘测定(水碘有省级实验室按照国家碘缺乏病参照实验室推存检测);碘缺乏病病情监测县在所抽取小学随机抽取12名学生和在所抽取小学附近选择3个乡,每个乡抽取孕妇和哺乳妇女各5人共30人进行尿碘含量检测。非病情监测县在所抽取小学各随机抽检20名8～10岁学生进行尿碘含量检测(尿碘在本地区疾控中心实验室,采用砷铈催化分光光度测定)。结果:全地区共检测水样104份,水碘范围为0.3～191.81ug/L,水碘中位数为14.4ug/L;检测食盐2018份,盐碘中位数33.86mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为98.65%,合格碘盐食用率为96.54%;检测8～12岁儿童尿样632份,尿碘中位数为211.3ug/L。结论:通过开展碘缺乏病监测,全区碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率均在96%以上,8～10岁儿童尿碘<100ug/L以下的占46.2%,50ug/L以下的占8.7%,小学生和家庭主妇碘缺乏病知晓率为89.51%、85.23%,表明阿勒泰地区碘缺乏病防治工作取得了明显成效,达到了国家碘缺乏病消除标准,不存在碘缺乏和碘过量问题。
Objective: To understand the effect of iodine deficiency disease prevention and control and iodine nutrition in Altay Prefecture, evaluate the implementation and prevention and treatment of various measures, and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods: Five or nine townships were randomly selected from 7 locations in all 7 counties (cities) in the east, west, south, north and south of China. Four administrative villages were randomly selected from each township. Random sampling was conducted in each administrative village 8 to 15 households salt consumption, salt iodine detection (salt iodine determination by direct titration); in the extraction of five townships randomly selected a primary school, pumping schools in the village according to the East, South, West, North, Central Each sampling 1 drinking water samples, in the case of centralized water supply area, then collected 2 peripheral water samples for water iodine determination (water iodine provincial laboratories in accordance with the national iodine deficiency disorders refer to the laboratory push storage test); iodine deficiency The disease surveillance counties randomly selected 12 students in primary schools and 3 townships in the vicinity of the primary schools. Urine content was detected in 30 pregnant women and 5 lactating women in each township. Non-disease surveillance counties in the primary school were randomly selected 20 students aged 8 to 10 urine iodine detection (urinary iodine in the region CDC laboratory using arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry). Results: A total of 104 water samples were tested in the whole area. Water iodine ranged from 0.3 to 191.81ug / L, and median water iodine concentration was 14.4ug / L. 2018 salt samples were detected, and the median of salt iodine was 33.86mg / kg. The coverage rate was 98.65%, and the qualified iodized salt rate was 96.54%. The urine samples of 6 ~ 8 years old children were 632 and the median urinary iodine was 211.3ug / L. Conclusion: Through the monitoring of iodine deficiency disorders, the coverage rate of iodized salt and iodized salt in the whole region are all over 96%. The urinary iodine <100ug / L for children aged 8-10 accounted for 46.2% and the proportion below 50ug / L accounted for 8.7%. The awareness rates of iodine deficiency disorders among primary school students and housewives were 89.51% and 85.23%, respectively, indicating that iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control work in Altay region has achieved remarkable success and reached the national standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders without iodine deficiency and iodine excess.