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目的探讨新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的早期综合康复治疗干预。方法选取2009年3月至2011年3月收治的新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病176例,依据是否进行早期干预分为早期干预组90例,对照组86例观察效果。结果早期干预组90例,发生神经系统后遗症6例(脑瘫4例,癫痫2例)发生率6.66%;对照组86例,发生神经系统后遗症25例(癫痫9例、精神发育迟滞6例、脑瘫10例)发生率29.06%,两组神经系统后遗症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论由于婴幼儿神经功能发育是一个连续过程,针对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病干预应持续进行,不能松懈,并根据病儿的神经运动缺失情况进行调整干预方案,由专业人员进行康复治疗及指导;早期干预、康复需要家庭充分配合,使患儿能够得到充分的干预,使干预措施得到具体落实,效果达到最大化。总之,早期综合康复治疗干预新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病能够显著降低神经系统后遗症发生率,改善病儿生活质量。
Objective To investigate the early comprehensive rehabilitation treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Methods A total of 176 neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were selected from March 2009 to March 2011. The patients were divided into early intervention group (n = 90) and control group (n = 86) according to whether they were given early intervention or not. Results The incidence of nervous system sequelae in 6 cases (4 cases of cerebral palsy and 2 cases of epilepsy) in the early intervention group was 6.66%. In the control group, 86 cases had nervous system sequelae in 25 cases (9 cases of epilepsy, 6 cases of mental retardation, cerebral palsy 10 cases) incidence of 29.06%, the incidence of neurological sequelae in the two groups was significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion Due to the neurological development of infants and young children is a continuous process, the intervention for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy should be continued, can not be relaxed, and according to the sick children to adjust the intervention program of neurological deficits, rehabilitation by professionals and Guidance; early intervention, rehabilitation needs family full cooperation, so that children can get adequate intervention, the interventions are concretely implemented, the effect is maximized. In short, early comprehensive rehabilitation intervention in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy can significantly reduce the incidence of neurological sequelae and improve the quality of life of sick children.