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对福建近岸海域38个表层沉积物样进行测试分析,探讨了沉积物中重金属(Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn、As)和多氯联苯(PCBs)的空间分布特征及其可能的来源,并采用Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法进行了污染评价。结果表明:(1)三沙湾和闽江口—妈祖海域的重金属富集较为严重,罗源湾及湾口外海域沉积物污染程度较低;(2)沉积物中PCBs没有新的来源,重金属主要来自岩石自然风化和侵蚀、工业排污、生活污水以及船只油品泄漏;(3)三沙湾具有中等偏高的潜在生态风险;闽江口—妈祖海域整体接近、局部已达中等潜在生态风险;罗源湾及湾口外海域均属低潜在生态风险。Cd和Hg是主要的生态风险贡献因子,各元素的平均生态风险指数由大到小依次为:Cd>Hg>As>Cu>PCBs>Pb>Cr>Zn。
The surface sediment samples from 38 coastal waters of Fujian were tested and analyzed. The spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, As) and polychlorinated biphenyls Possible sources, and conducted a pollution assessment using the Hakanson potential ecological risk index. The results showed that: (1) heavy metal accumulation was more serious in Sansha Bay and Minjiangkou-Mazu sea area, and the pollution of sediments in Luoyuan Bay and offshore Bayou was lower; (2) there was no new source of PCBs in sediments, heavy metals Mainly due to natural weathering and erosion of rock, industrial sewage, domestic sewage and vessel oil leakage; (3) Sansha Bay has medium-high potential ecological risk; and the overall area of Minjiang estuary-Mazu sea area is close to the whole, and the area has reached moderate potential ecological risk ; Both Luoyuan Bay and the waters off Bayou are of low potential ecological risk. Cd and Hg are the main ecological risk contribution factors. The average ecological risk index of each element is in order of Cd> Hg> As> Cu> PCBs> Pb> Cr> Zn.