肠粘膜主要依赖为其自身代谢的肠腔内营养物。这些营养物可由制备好的要素饮食(ED)来提供。要素饮食是化学上含有多量营养素的简单分子形式。蛋白质用纯氨基酸或氨基酸和低肽混合物代替;脂肪由少量甘油兰酯或单纯必需脂肪酸提供;碳水化合物则是单糖、加或不加少量淀粉,无乳糖;必要时加用矿物质和维生素。在人类,将要素饮食制成液体状经口服,或者经胃注入,更多的是经肠道注入。实验和临 Intestinal mucosa mainly relies on its own metabolism of intestinal lumen nutrients. These nutrients can be provided by a well prepared diet (ED). Essential diets are simple molecular forms that are chemically rich in nutrients. The protein is replaced by a pure amino acid or a mixture of amino acids and low peptides; the fat is provided by small amounts of glyceryl monostearate or simply essential fatty acids; the carbohydrate is a monosaccharide with or without a small amount of starch and lactose free; minerals and vitamins are added if necessary. In humans, the elements of the diet made of liquid by oral, or via the stomach, and more by the intestinal injection. Experiment and Pro