胎粪吸入综合征是新生儿期的重要疾病。胎粪吸入综合征的治疗有:机械通气、表面活性物质、吸入一氧化氮、膜肺和药物治疗。药物治疗包括:抗生素、氨溴索、糖皮质激素、氨茶碱、重组人超氧物化歧化酶、磷脂酶A2抑制剂、补体和CD14拮抗剂、血管紧张素酶抑制剂。这里所描述的许多新的药理模式尚需要大量随机对照试验加以证实。 Meconium aspiration syndrome is an important neonatal disease. Meconium aspiration syndrome treatment include: mechanical ventilation, surfactant, inhaled nitric oxide, membrane lung and drug treatment. Drug treatments include: antibiotics, ambroxol, glucocorticoids, aminophylline, recombinant human superoxide dismutase, phospholipase A2 inhibitors, complement and CD14 antagonists, and angiotensin inhibitors. Many new pharmacological models described here still require a large number of randomized controlled trials to confirm.