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目的:了解隆德县5岁以下儿童死亡变化趋势及主要死亡原因,为制定有关干预措施提供依据。方法:对隆德县2000～2007年5岁以下儿童生命监测结果进行描述性分析。结果:8年来5岁以下儿童死亡率呈逐年下降趋势,2000年为38.83‰,2007年为23.40‰。婴儿前3位主要死因为早产低出生体重、出生窒息、肺炎;1～4岁儿童前3位主要死因为意外死亡、肺炎、先天性心脏病。结论:降低5岁以下儿童死亡率,关键要降低早产低出生体重、出生窒息、肺炎死亡率,做好围产期保健工作,提高产、儿科质量,掌握窒息复苏技术,普及科学育儿知识。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the trend of death and the main causes of death among children under 5 years of age in Lude County, and to provide the basis for making relevant interventions. Methods: The descriptive analysis of life monitoring results of children under 5 years old in Lund County from 2000 to 2007 was made. Results: The mortality rate of children under 5 years showed a declining trend in recent 8 years, from 38.83% in 2000 to 23.40% in 2007. The three leading causes of death in infants were premature birth, low birth weight, birth asphyxia and pneumonia; the first three major causes of death in children aged 1 to 4 were accidental death, pneumonia and congenital heart disease. Conclusion: To reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age, the key point is to reduce the premature birth low birth weight, birth asphyxia, pneumonia mortality, do a good job in perinatal care, improve the quality of birth and pediatrics, master apnea resuscitation techniques and popularize scientific knowledge about child rearing.