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【目的】研究发酵棉秆屑的颗粒重组对棉秆复合基质理化性质的影响,筛选适宜番茄栽培的有机复合基质配比。【方法】棉秆粉碎后按粒径分级,堆积发酵后再组合,以环刀法测试孔隙度,壮苗指数法筛选复合基质配比。【结果】适宜番茄的棉秆复合基质配比为20%∶20%∶20%∶30%∶10%{(≤0.5)mm∶(0.5～1.0)mm∶(1.0～2.0)mm∶(2.0～3.0)∶(3.0～5.0)mm}+4x河沙+10%珍珠岩,总孔隙度为70%、气/水(非毛管孔隙/毛管孔隙)为1∶2。【结论】棉秆粉碎发酵后,养分释放量增加;总孔隙度增加,其内在毛管孔隙度提高10～15个百分点,能够为作物根系发育提供丰富的养分及适宜环境。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of grain remnants of cottonseed meal on physical and chemical properties of cotton stalk composite substrate and to screen the organic compound matrix suitable for tomato cultivation. 【Method】 The cotton stalks were classified according to particle size after pulverization, and then combined by accumulation and fermentation. Porosity was measured by ring cutter method, and the ratio of composite matrix was screened by seedling index. 【Result】 The results showed that the proportion of cotton stalk composite matrix suitable for tomato was 20%: 20%: 20%: 30%: 10% {(≤0.5) mm: (0.5-1.0) mm: ~ 3.0): (3.0-5.0) mm} + 4x river sand + 10% perlite with a total porosity of 70% and a gas / water ratio of 1: 2 for air / water (capillary / capillary). 【Conclusion】 After the cotton straw was pulverized and fermented, the nutrient release increased; the total porosity increased, the intrinsic capillary porosity increased by 10 ~ 15%, which could provide rich nutrients and suitable environment for crop root development.