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目的通过应用打太极、舞蹈、器乐演奏、唱歌等干预措施,观察其对慢性病及高危人群健康状况的影响,为进一步开展慢性病干预工作提供依据。方法于2013年9月将617名50岁及以上的社区慢性病患者和高危人群以自愿原则分成五组,分别为太极组、舞蹈组、器乐演奏组、唱歌组和对照组,干预组分别给予不同的课程,对照组参加与干预措施无关的其他课程,干预措施持续15个月,分析各组腰围、BMI、SBP、DBP、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、FBG等指标变化情况以及超重肥胖、代谢综合征变化情况。结果干预实施前,各干预组与对照组腰围、BMI、SBP、DBP、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDLC、FBG指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,太极组腰围、SBP、DBP、TC、FBG5项指标低于对照组(P<0.05);舞蹈组腰围、BMI、SBP、DBP、TG、TC、FBG7项指标低于对照组,HDL-C高于对照组(P<0.05);器乐组SBP、DBP、TC、FBG4项指标低于对照组(P<0.05),唱歌组SBP、TC2项指标低于对照组(P<0.05)。各干预组间,太极组、舞蹈组腰围方面低于器乐组、唱歌组(P<0.01);舞蹈组BMI、TG方面低于其它各干预组(P<0.01);太极组、器乐组DBP方面低于唱歌组(P<0.05);舞蹈组FBG方面低于太极组、唱歌组(P<0.01)。舞蹈组、太极组超重肥胖患病率低于对照组(13.04%vs 40.17%,28.38%vs 40.17%,P<0.05),且舞蹈组较其他3个干预组低(P<0.01)。舞蹈组、太极组代谢综合征患病率低于对照组(10.87%vs 38.46%,18.92%vs 38.46%,P<0.01)。结论对于代谢综合征相关指标,舞蹈的干预效果最明显,太极的干预效果次之,器乐演奏在降低SBP、DBP、TC、FBG方面有效,唱歌组能够降低SBP和TC,舞蹈和太极在防制超重肥胖方面有效,并可明显降低代谢综合征患病率。
Objective To observe the effect of tai chi, dance, instrumental music, singing and other interventions on the health status of chronic and high-risk groups and provide the basis for further intervention in chronic diseases. Methods In September 2013, 617 community-based chronic patients aged 50 and above and high risk groups were divided into five groups according to the principle of voluntariness: Taiji group, dance group, instrumental music group, singing group and control group, with different intervention groups The control group participated in other courses not related to the intervention and the intervention lasted for 15 months. The changes of the indexes such as waist circumference, BMI, SBP, DBP, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and FBG Overweight and obesity, metabolic syndrome changes. Results Before intervention, there were no significant differences in waist circumference, BMI, SBP, DBP, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDLC and FBG between the intervention group and the control group (P> 0.05). After intervention, the indexes of waist circumference, SBP, DBP, TC and FBG5 of the Taiji group were lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). The indexes of waist circumference, BMI, SBP, DBP, TG, TC and FBG7 in the dance group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The indexes of SBP, DBP, TC and FBG4 in instrumental music group were lower than those in control group (P <0.05). The indexes of SBP and TC2 in singing music group were lower than those of control group (P <0.05). (P <0.01). The BMI and TG of the dance group were lower than those of the other intervention groups (P <0.01). In the Taiji group and the instrumental group, the waist circumference of the Taiji group and the dance group was lower than that of the instrumental group and the singing group (P <0.05). In dance group, FBG was lower than that in Taiji group and singing group (P <0.01). The prevalence of overweight and obesity in dance group and Taiji group was lower than that in control group (13.04% vs 40.17%, 28.38% vs 40.17%, P <0.05), and the dance group was lower than the other three intervention groups (P <0.01). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in dance group and taiji group was lower than that in control group (10.87% vs 38.46%, 18.92% vs 38.46%, P <0.01). Conclusion For the related indexes of metabolic syndrome, the effect of dance intervention is the most obvious, followed by Taiji intervention, instrumental performance is effective in reducing SBP, DBP, TC and FBG, singing group can reduce SBP and TC, Overweight and obesity is effective, and can significantly reduce the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.