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既往文献报道儿童感觉神经性聋约10%系脑膜炎所致,脑膜炎后听力丧失之发病率在5～40%之间,其差异部分地是缘于发作与测听时间的间隔关系。某些病例在急性期听力丧失而后则又恢复正常。许多研究是回顾性而不是及时进行的,也增加了对结果分析的失实;听力明显下降者较易研究,而年龄也影响发病率的计算。Munoz等应用听觉脑干反应(ABR)作前瞻性研究,发现在70例中有28例(31%)儿童在脑膜炎急性期听力异常,2月后复查则仅2例仍有听力丧失(其中4例未再试验)。Vienny等报告与此相似。但Ozdamar等初期试验20%(12/60)听力异常,随访时仅1例改善。脑膜炎损伤听觉系统的途径有三;处于化
In the past, about 10% of children with sensory nerve deafness were caused by meningitis. The incidence of hearing loss after meningitis was between 5% and 40%. The difference was due in part to the interval between seizures and listening time. Some cases of acute hearing loss and then returned to normal. Many studies are retrospective rather than timely and also increase the likelihood of misinterpretation of the results; those who experience significant reductions in hearing are more likely to study and age affects the calculation of morbidity. In a prospective study using auditory brainstem response (ABR), Munoz et al found that 28 (31%) of 70 children had an abnormal hearing during the acute phase of meningitis and only 2 of 2 patients still had hearing loss after 2 months of review 4 cases did not retest). The Vienny et al report is similar. However, Ozdamar and other initial tests of 20% (12/60) of hearing loss, only 1 case improved at follow-up. There are three ways in which meningitis damages the auditory system;