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目的:观察骨结合牙种植体周围骨内神经末梢的分布特点,研究种植体潜在本体感觉功能随时间的变化趋势,探讨非负载种植体外周神经反馈通路重建的程度及时效过程。方法:雄性Beagle犬3只,拔除双侧下颌第二前磨牙至第一磨牙,拔牙窝愈合3个月。设计植入12颗骨内种植体,每只犬4颗作为一组,分为种植后1周组、种植后6周组和种植后12周组。采用PowerLab多导生理记录仪对种植体施加电脉冲刺激,并利用Chart5 For Windows软件同步记录刺激种植体诱发的下牙槽神经感觉动作电位曲线图。同期处死动物,收集种植体骨组织标本,采用免疫组化法进行组织学观察。应用SPSS17.0软件包对实验数据进行统计学分析。结果:观察期内种植体留存率为100%。不同时间组的神经电生理检测结果比较显示,在不同刺激强度下,植入6周和12周的种植体诱发的神经动作电位幅值无显著差异,而植入1周的种植体诱发的神经动作电位幅值明显小于前两者,具有显著差异。组织学观察证实,各组种植体周围骨组织内均存在少量神经末梢结构。结论:牙种植体周围骨组织内存在少量神经末梢结构,这些神经元能够对施加在种植体的刺激信号产生应答,进而诱发动作电位沿下牙槽神经传导至中枢,从而在一定程度上改善种植体的本体感受功能。非负载生理状态下种植体周围神经纤维的改建具有明显时效性。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the distribution of nerve endings around bone-implanted dental implants and to study the tendency of potential ontological sensory function of implants over time, so as to explore the extent of remodeling of peripheral nerve feedback pathways and the aging process of non-loaded implants. Methods: Three male Beagle dogs were enrolled in this study. The second premolar was removed from the mandibular second molar to the first molar. The tooth extraction healed for 3 months. Design 12 implants implanted, each dog 4 as a group, divided into 1 week after planting group, 6 weeks after planting group and 12 weeks after planting group. Electric impulse stimulation was applied to the implants with the PowerLab multi-channel physiology recorder. Chart5 For Windows software was used to simultaneously record the implant-induced inferior alveolar neural sensorial action potentials. Animals were sacrificed at the same period, bone tissue samples were collected, and immunohistochemistry was used for histological observation. SPSS17.0 software package for statistical analysis of experimental data. Results: The survival rate of implant during the observation period was 100%. Comparison of neuroelectrophysiological test results at different time points showed that there was no significant difference in the magnitude of nerve action potential induced by implants at 6 weeks and 12 weeks under different stimulus intensities, Action potential amplitude was significantly less than the first two, with significant differences. Histological observation confirmed that there was a small amount of nerve endings in the bone around the implant. CONCLUSIONS: There is a small amount of nerve endings in the bone tissue around dental implants. These neurons respond to the stimulus signals applied to the implants, which in turn induce the action potentials to be transmitted along the inferior alveolar nerve to the central site, thereby improving implanting to a certain extent Body of the body feeling function. The reconstitution of peripheral nerve fibers in the non-loaded physiological state has obvious timeliness.