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大坝模型试验的模型材料力学性能是试验成功与否的关键影响因素。基于石膏模型材料基本力学性质和混凝土材料基本相似的实际情况,考虑石膏模型材料的孔隙率,在能量损伤理论模型的基础上,结合工程规范,建立了石膏模型材料的受拉损伤本构模型。同时,分析了模型材料应变率对材料峰值应力的影响,引入动应力提高系数,并给出了与应变率相关的模型材料受拉损伤本构模型。利用该本构模型模拟了动荷载下石膏模型重力坝的破坏过程,并与模型试验结果进行对比。结果表明:数值模拟得到的重力坝开裂破坏的位置、形式与模型试验结果较为接近。
Model of dam model test The mechanical properties of materials are the key factors that influence the success of the test. Based on the fact that the basic mechanical properties of gypsum model material and the concrete material are basically similar, the porosity of gypsum model material is considered. Based on the theoretical model of energy damage and the engineering code, the tension damage constitutive model of gypsum model material is established. At the same time, the effect of strain rate of the model material on the peak stress of the material is analyzed, and the coefficient of dynamic stress increase is introduced. The constitutive model of tension damage of the model material is also given. The constitutive model is used to simulate the failure process of gypsum model gravity dam under dynamic loading, and compared with the model test results. The results show that the location and form of the cracked dam due to numerical simulation are close to those of the model test.